《植物生理学报》 2012, 48(10): 979-985

鼎湖山濒危植物紫背天葵的人工栽培

邵玲*, 梁广坚, 梁廉, 梁红坚

邵玲*, 梁广坚, 梁廉, 梁红坚

通信作者：邵玲；E-mail: shaoling@zqu.edu.cn；Tel: 0758-2716359

摘　要：

为研究鼎湖山紫背天葵人工栽培适宜的生长基质和气候条件, 以组培球茎为材料, 比较了自然气候条件下几种混合 基质处理对植株生长情况的影响。结果表明: 不同配比混合基质的pH值、有机质和铵态氮含量对球茎萌芽和植株的生长 均有显著的影响, 适合的pH缓冲范围在3.5~4.5之间, 表明紫背天葵为喜酸植物。添加黄泥的基质并不适合紫背天葵的生 长; 泥炭土+珍珠岩(3:1)混合基质较适宜于紫背天葵的生长, 球茎萌芽率达到88%, 植株的须根、球茎、叶和株高等指标表 现良好。结合栽培物候期分析, 球茎的萌芽期在当年11月~次年1月, 生长适温在16~25 ℃之间, 相对湿度为90%~95%。

关键词：鼎湖山; 紫背天葵; 人工栽培; 适生条件; 濒危植物

收稿：2012-07-30   修定：2012-10-10

资助：广东省科技计划项目(2010B060200012)。

Artificial Cultivation of Endangered Plant Begonia fimbristipula Hance on Dinghu Mountain

SHAO Ling*, LiAng guang-Jian, LiAng Lian, LiAng Hong-Jian

College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526061, China

Corresponding author: SHAO Ling; E-mail: shaoling@zqu.edu.cn; Tel: 0758-2716359

Abstract:

To find appropriate growth matrixes and climate condition in the artificial cultivation, this experiment compared the effects of several mixed matrixes on the growth of Begonia fimbristipula of Dinghu mountain which were derived from the corms in tissue culture. The results showed that pH and organic substances and ammonium nitrogen content in the mixed matrixes had significant influence on bud germination of corm and plant growth. The buffer range of pH for optimal growth was 3.5 to 4.5, indicating that B. fimbristipula is acidophilous plant. The matrix with yellow mud was not suitable for plants growth. And the matrix of peat soil+pearlite (3:1) was suitable to the growth, the germination rate of corms was 88%, the indexes of fibrous root, corms, leaf and plant height were good. Combined with phenophase analysis, the germination period of corms is November to January of the following year, the optimal temperature for growth is 16–25 ℃, and relative humidity is 90%–95%.

Key words: Dinghu mountain; Begonia fimbristipula Hance; artificial cultivation; optimal growth conditions; endangered plants